The second "if" is similar to the first, with the addition of a new reserved word, the "else", following the first printf statement. This simply says that, if the expression in the parentheses evaluates as true, the first expression is executed, otherwise the expression following the "else" is executed. Thus, one of the two expressions will always be executed, whereas in the first example the single expression was either executed or skipped. Both will find many uses in your C programming efforts. Compile and run this program to see if it does what you expect.